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Monday, March 24, 2014

Monday Math Literature Volume 36

If you are a regular blog reader, you know how much I love math literature.  Every Monday I review one or more math literature books that I use with my own students.  If you are looking for some good math literature books, start here!  Follow the links at the bottom of each post to the next one.  You are sure to finish with a list of GREAT books to add to your classroom.

Today I want to share with you a resource that will help you get even more out of your math literature collection.



This book is full of activities that go along with 20 different books at the grade 3-5 level.  They also have similar books for grades K-2 and grades 6-8.

Today I want to show you one of the activities from this book.  It was done with a full class of third graders.  It uses the book

How Much, How Many, How Far, How Heavy, How Long, How Tall Is 1000?

This activity starts by showing students the book and asking them to think about the title and what it means.  

Next, we changed the focus from 1000 to 100 because we had just passed the hundredth day and it is a much more measurable amount for students.  We brainstormed a list of questions that we could ask about how much, many, far, long, tall and heavy 100 is

The beginnings of our brainstorm
After our brainstorming session, I paired students up and asked them to choose a question to investigate.  They had to report back to me when they were ready with a plan that detailed which question they were going to try to answer and what materials they needed.  As their plans got approval, they went out and found the answers.  

Their was not any prep work for this lesson, they wrote their plans on scrap paper.  I was impressed at how well this lesson had kids reviewing all kinds of topics and making decisions for themselves about how to measure, what unit to use and how to be efficient.  

These students measured the height of 100 unifix cubes.  They chose to use inches as their unit and used several yardsticks to do the measuring.

These students figured out that to measure how far 100 pieces of paper went would take them longer than the time I gave them.  They knew they could measure one piece of paper and multiply by 100 to figure out how many inches.  They do not know how to do larger number multiplication and division yet but given a calculator were able to figure out that it was 1,100 inches or 92 feet.  They then used the measuring wheel to see how far down the hall 92 feel was.  This was a great way to give themselves and their classmates a frame of reference when talking about 92 feet. 

These students looked at how many centimeters in 100 inches and made an estimate about how many centimeters are in 100 feet.  

These students wanted to find out the weight of 100 paperclips.  If your students are going to weigh something in grams, make sure you have a classroom scale that is accurate and precise.  

We finished the lesson by each pair presenting their findings.  This lesson up to this point took about 45 minutes.  Because of some changes in that day's schedule we were out of time so we finished up the lesson the next day by reading the book How Much, How Many, How Far, How Heavy, How Long, How Tall Is 1000?  


Friday, March 21, 2014

Quarters!



Does your school use Responsive Classroom?  Mine does and that means morning meeting time each day.  Last year, I purchased this great book for the teachers in my school.




This book is full of great ideas that are quick and easy and some that are a little more involved.  It ranges from grades K-5 and has ideas for adding math into your morning message or morning meeting.  

I have seen this book used greatly in some classrooms and less so in others.  To encourage more use and to get more math into morning meeting time, I have been visiting different classrooms during their morning meeting to demonstrate an activity from this book.  Check out this post about how I used an activity from this book  to work on counting money with third graders or this post to see how I used an activity to work on coin recognition with first graders.

Today I want to share with you yet another money activity that I did with second graders.  I did this with the a full class of second graders during morning meeting but I want to share with you how I did this with a small intervention group before the whole group lesson.  The kids in this intervention group have shown that they need the most support with money, especially with counting quarters.  I find that introducing an activity like this to my intervention group before a whole group lesson can make them feel more confident and give them the extra practice they need.  The whole group activity happened in a similar way.

This activity is called quarters and comes from the first grade section.  I used one of the variations that they suggest in the book to make it more challenging.

I gave each kid a small handful of coins consisting of pennies, nickles and dimes.  They roll two ten sided dice and find the sum.  Whatever the sum is, they find that much money from their coin pile and put it in the middle of the table.  If they get 12, they can make 12 cents any way they know how.  We did have a great discussion about different ways we can make 12 and which way is the most efficient.

A student rolls the dice, finds the sum and places that much money in the center of the table.
Then they pass the dice to the next person.

A student counts money to add to the center pile
Once several students have had a turn, I explain to the students that they are trying to see how many quarters they can earn before time is up.  We discuss how much a quarter is worth and I ask them if they think there is enough money in the center pile to trade for a quarter.  They find that there is and make the trade.  After each kid has their turn from here on out, we stop to see how much money is in the center and if there is enough for us to trade.

Here is our collection of quarters as the game progresses
We played for about 7 minutes and when time was up, we checked for any final trades.  I then asked each student to count up how much money was left in their small pile of dimes, nickles and quarters and to write that amount on the board.  We have been working in class on writing money amounts using a dollar sign and a decimal point and I was hoping they would do this on their own.

This ended up serving as great formative assessment  around the student's current ability to write money amounts.  Notice most students used a dollar sign and a decimal point.  One student used cent notation as well and one student only used cent notation.  Notice in the upper right hand corner one student wrote $4.02.  They had $0.42 left so this sparked some interesting discussion
We finished by counting the quarters we had collected several times.  Two days later when it was time to do this in morning meeting with the whole group, these kids did a great job and felt very confident.

Have you tried getting more math into Morning Meeting?

Thursday, March 20, 2014

Easter Math: A Fun Way to Work on Combinations of 5 and 10

If you have been reading my posts lately, you might have noticed I have been talking a lot about combinations of 5, 10, 20 and 100!  These are such important skills for kids to be fluent with and we are heading into that time of year where fluency with these ideas really matters.

Today I want to share with you a quick and easy way to give students another chance to practice these combinations but still have fun!  All you need is some plastic Easter eggs and jelly beans or small candies.  (I used these Starburst jelly beans.  They are so much tastier than regular jelly beans.  They are also slightly smaller so you can fit more of them under an egg.


Here are the Common Core standards addressed by this activity
KINDERGARTEN
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.K.OA.A.4
For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record the answer with a drawing or equation.

CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.K.OA.A.5
Fluently add and subtract within 5
FIRST GRADE
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.1.OA.C.6
Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 - 4 = 13 - 3 - 1 = 10 - 1 = 9); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 - 8 = 4); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 + 7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13).
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.1.OA.D.8
Determine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating three whole numbers. For example, determine the unknown number that makes the equation true in each of the equations 8 + ? = 11, 5 = _ - 3, 6 + 6 = _.

SECOND GRADE
CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.2.OA.B.2
Fluently add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies.2 By end of Grade 2, know from memory all sums of two one-digit numbers.


Combinations of 5
Put 5 jelly beans on the table.  Using one part of a plastic Easter egg, cover up some of the jelly beans.  You can have kids play this game in pairs and have one kid look away while the other covers some of the jelly beans.  Then they have to figure out how many jelly beans are covered up.  In this case, what goes with 3 to make 5?
Have kids keep a simple record sheet and record equations.  You can have them use addition or subtraction equations depending on where your class is comfortable or where they need practice.  
Once kids are fluent with combinations to 5, have them play with 10 jelly beans.  You can also choose other numbers because it is great practice decomposing any number into other parts!
The record sheet can simply be done on dry erase boards or scrap paper.
Looking for other ways to practice combinations of numbers?  Check out these ideas
     Here is a game where you just need 2 color counters or pennies.  NO PREP!
     Here is how to extend the last game for combinations of 20
     Here is a bunch of quick and easy ways I work on combinations of 100
     Here is how to make 100 bead strings that will really help your students with combinations of 100

Next week I will be following up this work on combinations of 10 with this great take away from 10 number puzzle.
Here is one of 10 new number puzzles.  This one is a great follow up to a lesson on combinations of 10!  They are self checking because they won't fit together if kids get the wrong answer.  The 10 frame is there to support kids who still need a visual image.  I will follow this up with some formative assessment around subtracting from 10. 


Do you have any good ideas for practicing combinations of numbers?  Please feel free to share ideas or links in the comment section below!

Wednesday, March 19, 2014

Reviewing for the Smarter Balanced Assessment

In the next few weeks, many of my students will be taking the Smarter Balanced Assessment for the very first time.  Although the assessment officially does not begin until next year, we will be piloting the full test in the next few months.

This is a huge change for us!  Not only are we going from our State standards to the Common Core standards, but we are moving our testing from the fall to the spring.  We are also moving from a paper and pencil test to a computer based one.  With all of these changes, the materials I have used in the past to review math concepts for state assessments are just about useless to me now.  I also feel like I have to find new and more creative ways to review because holding onto students' attention in the spring can be trickier than keeping them engaged in the fall.

Today I want to share with you one way I have started reviewing for this new assessment.  I did this series of lessons with my third graders and it was so successful, I will be doing something similar with my older students.  I also am thinking of ways to adapt this for my younger students.  Although they don't have to take the official assessment, I think it is a great way to review and practice what they have learned all year.

I used this set of riddles for my lesson with third grade!

The first thing I did when I got this product was to print and prep all the materials I would need.  While I was doing that, I noticed there were a lot of great vocabulary words on the cards that my third graders SHOULD know.  However, I also knew that there were probably many kids who didn't know all these words.  So, I took about 40 minutes of whole group instruction time to address this issue.

Day 1

I read a riddle card to students that included the word quadrilateral.  I asked students to raise their hand if they heard a word that they didn't understand the meaning of.  Several hands when up when I said quadrilateral so I wrote that word on the board.  I then passed out a small pile of riddle cards to each student and asked them to read each riddle and write any words they did not understand or that they did not think others would understand on the board.

Here are the vocabulary words kids identified as ones that they or other third graders might not understand
Once all of the cards had been read, I chose a word from the board and modeled how to figure out what it meant.  I provided several copies of the Math Dictionary for Kids and the link to this online math dictionary. I then demonstrated how to make a quick definition poster with an example that we could hang on the wall to help us with these riddles.

I had kids choose words, some ended up in pairs and they all got to work finding out more about their word.
A student uses the online math dictionary to help them define rectangular prism
Students took a few minutes to share their new knowledge with the class and then pinned their posters up around the 100's chart.

This lesson took about 40 minutes.  It was a great way to review vocabulary that will be appearing on their assessment and that they will need to be successful in future grades.  It will also provide support to those who need it when we are working on the riddles in whole group, small group or individual work time situations.

Day 2

I had about 30 minutes the second day and I wanted to spend it introducing some of the ways we could use the 100's grid riddles.  We started by choosing a few of the cards to do as a whole group.  

One of the cards we did as a whole group
Then I introduced 3 different ways to use the cards and had kids choose the way that they wanted to try first.

Using the Classroom Hundreds Chart
    The idea of getting to be up in front of the class hundreds chart appealed to many students but I could only let a few up there at a time.  When these cards are offered at center time, I am sure this will be a very popular way to use them.  
A student reads a card at the 100's chart
To play at the 100's chart, students read a riddle and mark the answer with a star.  The stars are included and come in several different colors.  The kids can try for 3 in a row or whatever works in your room.  

Using a Small Hundreds Chart
     This is an easy way to get kids involved in the 100's riddles.  All they need is a pile of the riddle cards and a small hundreds chart.  They find the answer to the riddles on the chart and circle it or color it in.  Each player needs a different color.

Students work on solving riddles and finding numbers on the 100's chart.  MANY skills are reviewed by these riddles and the kids think it is so much fun!

Using a Graphic Organizer
     The other way to use these cards is with the included graphic organizer.  This is a great way for kids to play alone or with another person.  They figure out the answer and color in the section that their answer is in.  Here they are trying to find a wide range of answers. 

Each student has a graphic organizer that says things like between 1 and 20 or between 35 and 50.  When they get an answer in this range, they get to color in that section on their chart.  These students also needed to see a 100's grid for reference to support their thinking.  

Moving Forward  

Over the last 2 days, I have given kids the introduction they need to use these cards successfully.  Now that they know the expectations and have supports in place if they need them, they are ready for these cards to be added to our math center rotation.  At the math center, I will be allowing kids to choose the way that they practice with them.  They will also be available for students to use when they are finished other work and have a few spare minutes.  They are also good for transitions and time fillers.  The 100's chart in this room is near the door where kids line up and while we are waiting for everyone to be in line, reading one of these riddles and having kids solve it is a great way to squeeze a few extra minutes of math practice into the day.  

Storing the Cards 

This really is an inclusive set and I have come up with a great way to store everything needed for kids to do this center in one place.  I used a top loading folder to keep everything in one place.

100's charts, graphic organizer, directions and cards, all in one folder.  This is actually the set for grades 4 and 5 that I will be using next week as I start reviewing in those grades!


 If you teach multiple grades like I do, you might be interested in the Combo Pack.  The Combo Pack includes the primary, third grade and intermediate set of cards.
Get the Combo Pack!

You can also head over to Primary Inspiration for your chance to win a set!

Have you started reviewing for spring testing?  What are your best tips?  Please respond in the comments below!






Tuesday, March 18, 2014

Teaching Math With You Tube Videos: Fractions

Recently I posted some of my favorite songs and videos about shapes, counting, multiplication, coins, time and area and perimeter.  Today I want to share with you some videos about fractions

Clip art by Lita Lita

Fractions- Halves and Quarters

This is a great introduction to fractions, equal pieces and halves and quarters.  It is not a song but rather a short video clip.  It is great as part of your fraction unit for grade 1 and 2.  I used it this year with my first grade fraction unit and will be using it next month when I do fractions with second graders.  


Fractions-Fractions Song

I have used this song and video in grade 3 and 4.  It is slightly on the corny side and once kids have seen it once or twice, that is plenty.  It probably won't be played over and over again in your classroom, but it has good information and keeps kids engaged the first few times they see it.  It focuses on common fractions like halves, thirds, quarters and eighths.   It introduces vocabulary like numerator and denominator.  It also does a nice job of showing how a fractional piece can be larger or smaller depending on the size of the whole




Fractions Down on the Farm

This is a great video for grades 2-4 and a nice way to introduce kids to the idea of fractions of a set.  If you don't know about the different models for fractions, you should check out this book!  Set model isn't required for grade 2 neither is the symbolic notation of fractions but I have used this video with several second graders who were ready for the next level.  This is a must see for third and fourth graders as they start working with set models.


Fractions Music Video

I stumbled upon this gem recently and showed it to my sixth graders.  It would be good for grades 5-7.  It is done by a very talented group of kids at a school.  It is well shot and choreographed and reviews some big ideas of fractions needed at grade 5 and up.  Looking for more follow up at this level?  Check out these 2 books!


Looking for more ideas on teaching fractions?
Check out these posts on comparing and ordering fractions, fraction operations, using dice to work on fluency with fractions, fraction equivalency, using the area model to teach mixed number multiplication, and a visual model for percents.

If you have any great fraction videos or songs, please share in the comments below!

Monday, March 17, 2014

Monday Math Literature Volume 35

If you missed last week's post about some great primary shape books, check it out here!



Today I want to share with you some great math literature books about fractions.  Both of these books were written by David Adler.  He is the author of Time Zones, a book I reviewed a few weeks ago as well as the Cam Jansen series of books and several other math literature stories.




This story gives a comprehensive look at fractions.  I have used it in grades 3-6.  I love how it gives many different examples of where fractions are found including examples of area and set models.  It does not go into number line models but shows many examples of fractions in the area and set context.  It also goes into details about fraction equivalency and magnitude.  It has a nice explanation of how multiplying by a fraction equal to one produces equivalent fractions.  It ends with some basic ideas around fraction addition and subtraction.  I like this book as a way to wrap up a unit on fractions or part way through a unit to review what students have learned and foreshadow what they will be learning next.  



I love how this story explores fractions, decimals and percents in the context of a county fair.  It is a fun way to see the connection between these different types of numbers.  I have used this book in grades 4-6.  In fourth grade I spend a lot of time helping kids make the connection between fractions, decimals and money.  I use this book as a follow up to my fraction, decimal and money task cards.  In grades 5 and 6 percents play a bigger role in the curriculum and this book helps kids connect back to what they already know about fractions and decimals.  

Looking for other books on fractions?  
Here is one that is a great introduction to fractions for grade 1 and 2
Here is a great one for grades 5-7 on multiplying and dividing fractions
Here is a Hershey chocolate themed one for grades 4 and 5
Here is another great one for primary students!